Colonoscopy

Definition

Colonoscopy is the examination of the inside of the colon by means of a long (4 to 6 feet), flexible, fiberoptic viewing instrument called a colonoscope.

This procedure is used to investigate symptoms (such as bleeding from the bowel) and to look for disorders of the colon, such as colitis, polyps (small, benign, grape-like growths), and cancer.

Procedure

The patient takes laxatives for one or two days before the exam to empty the colon of feces. If the colon is not void of fecal matter an enema or colonic lavage (electrolyte purge solution) will be administered.

Before the procedure, a mild sedative (such as meperidine or diazepam) may be administered intravenously to relieve anxiety and any discomfort felt during the examination.

The colonoscope is then passed into the colon through the anus and guided along the length of the colon where it is viewed on a monitor. Depending on the examination, colonoscopy can last between 10 minutes and a couple of hours.

Patients may experience cramping during and after the procedure as well as slight bleeding from the anus as a result of the insertion of the colonoscope.

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

Is the colonoscopy the most effective and accurate method to diagnosis the condition?

What is your opinion of sedation vs. non-sedation before the procedure?

Will the results of the test be available the same day?